Just took over the accounting of a production-oriented enterprise, are you confused when you look at the LED modules piled up in the warehouse? Lao Wang next door said that it was time to calculate the inventory goods, and the financial supervisor asked him to post it to fixed assets. What was even more troublesome is that the R&D department would reimburse the circuit board purchase money every few days. Don’t panic, today we will understand the "accounting drifting record" of LED displays from raw materials to finished products.

Remember three key points first:​ ​Production equipment, inventory goods, R&D expenditure​ ​. Just like when cooking, you have to distinguish between pots and pans, and when doing the accounts, you have to figure out which category the things at hand belong to. For example, although the automatic patch machine in your workshop is assembled LED unit board every day, it is an "old ox" who works for a long time. Remember​ ​Fixed assets-production equipment​ ​depreciation is withdrawn monthly. And the PCB substrate that has not been assembled on the assembly line? That's all, squatting honestly​ ​Raw materials - electronic components​ ​In the subject.

Speaking of finished products in the warehouse, there is a place where pitfalls are easily lost. The same LED display is in the warehouse for sale​ ​Inventory goods​ ​, but if the display screen is installed in the conference room of your company, the nature will immediately become​ ​Fixed assets - electronic equipment​ ​. Last year, a manufacturing company fell in love with it - the 200-inch large screen it used was calculated based on sales costs, and the tax audit was recovered by more than 100,000 yuan.

The situation in the R&D department is more complicated. If the driver IC chip they bought is used for improvement of existing products, it should be remembered​ ​Management expenses-R&D expenses​ ​； But if you are developing a new transparent LED screen technology, the part that meets the capitalization conditions can enter​ ​Development expenditure​ ​suject. Here is a tip: see if there are project approval documents and technical feasibility reports for the R&D project, just like the materials your company prepares when applying for a high-tech enterprise.

When it comes to export business, don’t put a bunch of customs declaration and tax refund certificates randomly. The corresponding revenue of the export LED display must be set separately​ ​Main business income - export income​ ​, and the batch of goods floating on the sea in the container must be hung on​ ​Send products​ ​suject. I remember that last month, a new accountant directly transferred the goods that had not been cleared to the port, causing all the cost accounting to be messed up.

Finally, let’s talk about special business processing. The LED floor tile screen customization plan made by your technical department for customers must be listed separately.​ ​Other business revenue​ ​. As for the travel expenses of the installation team going out to debug the screen, don't just fill the sales expenses, this part is​ ​Contract performance cost​ ​, carry forward the cost after the project is accepted.

Recently, a colleague asked: How to deal with the copyright of the driver software independently developed by the company? This depends on the specific situation. If the software is sold separately,​ ​Intangible assets​ ​； If it is embedded in the LED control system, it must follow the hardware device​ ​Fixed assets​ ​suject. However, it should be noted that there are special regulations on the amortization period of software in terms of taxation, and it is best to communicate with the specialist in advance.

The account of LED display screens is like assembling a display module, and each part must be placed in the right position. Next time, I meet the R&D department with an invoice for the new common driver chip to reimburse. You will know which subject to stuff it, right? Remember, when you really can’t make sure, it’s safest to look through the accounting vouchers for similar businesses last year.

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